IGICE 2: UBUTUNZI BUSUMBA UBUNDI: KWIMENYA!
IGICE CYA 2
Abandi rero bakemeza ko yari imvugo mu ndamukanyo ariko ibakangurira kudamarara, kurengwa nyine no kugubwa neza mu maraha n’amahoro y’akarande; yabashoraga mu businzi n’ubusambanyi rusange.
Noneho rero abigisha indagagaciro no gutekereza kurenga imbibi rusange za bose, izi zikaba imvugo muri iyi ndamukanyo barwanyaga. Ngo ikaba imwe mu mpamvu zishobora kuba zaratumye mu ngoro ya Appollo muri Delphe ukihinjira iyo ndamukanyo nayo ubwayo yarahitaga ihinduka ngo “imenye wowe ubwawe!” muri icyo gihe cyari igitangaza cy’indamukanyo ku muntu wese wamenyereye gusuhuzwa ngo “ishime ugubwe neza!”. Kuba yaba akugannye, ukamwakira umubwira uti ibyo byo kudamarara no kugubwa neza ba ubifashije hasi, dutangire ahubwo: ese mbere ya byose uriyizi wowe? Ushaka iki? Urava hehe? Ushaka kugana hehe? Ikigufitiye akamaro ahubwo ni iki? Ikitari ngombwa kuri wowe ni ikihe?
Mu nyandiko Arcibiadesya mbere, Socrates agaruka ku isomo: “imenye wowe ubwawe” yaranditse ati: “Nyakugubwa neza nshuti yanjye Arcibiades, ujye wumva neza inama zanjye, kandi wizere inyandiko yo mu ngoro ya Delphe igira iti ‘imenye wowe ubwawe’ kandi uce n’akenge, umenye ko abanzi bacu ari abo nyine kandi banakomeye. Kubacika no kubasumba nta kundi kutari ugushyira ibyo twizera mu bikorwa no kugira ubumenyi undi wese atazapfa kwigezaho.
Imenye wowe ubwawe ni igitekerezo cyuje isomo ryo kwisobanukirwa mbere y’ibindi byose, ariko ikaba n’imvugo yagiye ihindagurika uko yakomeje guhererekanywa mu myaka ibihumbi hagati y’abatuye isi. Hari abagira bati “Connais-toi, toi même et tu connaîtras l’univers et les dieux”, ‘ubanze wimenye wowe ubwawe, uzanakurikizaho kumenya isanzure n’imana’.
Mu buryo bujyanye n’imyemerere kuba ari interuro yari yanditse ku ngoro ya Delphekenshi byasobanuwe ko ubwo umuntu udafite icyo yiyiziho ubwe n’iyo yagana aha ku ngoro ya Delphe agasenga akomeje, akabasha no guhanurirwa ibye byose ndetse n’iby’ibihe, ngo ibyo byose byaba ari ubumenyi butagira icyo bumumarira kuko kuba atiyizi ubwe no kumva cyangwa gusobanukirwa n’Imana cyangwa ibyo zivuga ibyo nabyo ngo bitamushobokera.
Kwimenya mbere y’ibindi byose bikagirwa umusingi wo gutekereza nyako n’itangiriro ry’ubundi bumenyi bwose, yewe no kugira icyo wamenya ku bandi bantu.
Mu 1125 Pierre Labellard yanditse inyandiko y’imyitwarire iboneye ayita ‘connais-toi toi-même !’, ‘imenye ubwawe !’ Iyi nyandiko ni nayo yaje gushingirwaho mu bijyanye n’amategeko n’ubucamanza, haduka ihame ryo kudashaka kureba gusa ngo naka yahamwe n’icyaha kuko yaguwe gitumo agikora byonyine, ahubwo haduka n’iryo hame ryo gushakisha icyitwa ‘intentions’.
Kuba naka ‘yagambiriye’ gukora icyaha n’iyo wenda yaba atabigezeho, cyangwa se yanabigezeho. Icyamusunikiye nyine kugikora ndetse n’ibindi nk’ibyo mu kazi k’iperereza ku byaha.
Noneho tuvuye mu bitekerezo bihambaye by’abahanga mu mitekerereze ba kera, kubwira umuntu ngo imenye wowe ubwawe hari ubwo byafatwa nko kuvuga ubusa.
Uwo ari we wese ati ‘nimenye se, ndamutse ntiyizi, naba ntiyizi gute? Ndiyizi !’ ariko nyine ntabwo ari byo kuri twese, n’ubwo bitabuza ko hari abiyizi koko. Ariko uko kwimenya ushobora kumva byoroheje nibwo bumenyi bukomeye, ihame n’ihurizo rikomeye uzagira mu buzima bwose.
Michel de Montaigne kimwe n’abandi bagenzi be yagaragaje ko « kwimenya k’umuntu ari ikintu gikomeye kandi kimugora, kuko anahindagurika ku bwe mu mpinduka adasunikirwamo n’abandi ! Ugasanga nk’ibyo yakundaga mu myaka yashize uyu munsi nta gaciro na mba bikigira mu maso ye. Ibindi atigeze atekereza ko hari aho azanahurira nabyo, anabisuzugura mu gihe cyashize uyu munsi akaba ari ho ubuzima bwe bwose bushingiye ! Ndetse n’uwamusubiza muri bya bindi yizirikagaho ahubwo mu gihe cyashize nawe akaba yashaka intwaro akarwana no kutabisubiramo ».
Ku bagira ahantu bandika ibitekerezo byabo bya buri munsi, bigusaba gusa gusubira inyuma ugasoma nk’ibyo wirirwagamo mu myaka 5 yashize, ugahita usanga bidashoboka ko ari wowe watekerezaga uko ! Ukabona wowe w’icyo gihe n’uw’ubu ari nk’abantu 2 batandukanye neza neza, batagira n’aho bahurira. Ni gihamya imwe muri byinshi bigaragaza ko muri rusange kwimenya k’umuntu atari ibintu byamworohera ; kugeza ubwo mu bantu usanga uwahoze ari inshuti ahinduka umwanzi. Uwari umwanzi agahinduka umwambari w’akadasohoka ! N’izindi ngero nyinshi.
Abantu barahinduka, no kwimenya bikagorana kubi! Ese ubundi ni iby’agaciro nyabaki kwimenya?
Kwimenya icyo bimaze gikomeye ni :
Ukwisobanukirwa ubwawe, no kumenya neza ko hari ibyo ushoboye n’ibyo udashoboye.
Ibyo udashoboye kumenya cyangwa se no kuba wahindura uko bimeze ukamenya uburyo ubibanamo n’intege nke zawe, ni ikintu cyagushoboza kutabaho ufata ibyifuzo byawe, ibyo urarikira ndetse n’inzozi zawe nk’aho ari byo bikwiye kuba ukuri kw’ibintu.
Ibyo na byo bigatuma utishuka rimwe ngo wigire nk’aho uri izingiro isi izungurukiraho cyangwa ngo ugire ngo hari icyo isi n’abakuri iruhande byanze bikunze bagutegerejeho, ngo wigire kamara wibwira ko nuba udahari ubwo nabo hari icyo bagomba kuba cyangwa kugabanukaho nk’aho baba ari amagi ucigatiye mu biganza warekura akisekura ku mabuye bikarangirira aho. Ntabwo ari byo.
Kwimenya ubwawe, ukamenya ko hari ingufu zigusumba kure cyane, ko hariho amazi, ubutaka, umuriro n’umuyaga; ibyo byose bihindura ubuzima icyo buri cyo ku bantu n’ibindi binyabuzima.
Ibihe n’amateka bikagana rimwe na rimwe aho bishaka bidasobanuye byanze bikunze ko ari wowe ugira icyo ugena muri ibyo byose, kuko bishingiye no ku ngufu n’imigendekere y’ibihe wowe nk’umuntu umwe cyangwa se n’iyo ryaba itsinda ubarizwamo mutagira ikintu na kimwe muhinduraho kuko ibyongibyo nawe ubwawe cyangwa itsinda ubarizwamo nk’umuntu uri akadomo gato cyane k’ibibigize, bikaba bitanashoboka ko ari wowe ubugira cyangwa ubigena”.
Ngo iryo rizaba itangiriro rikomeye ryo kwimenya, ariko kuri buri muntu, mbere yo gusobanukirwa na kamere n’ibyifuzo, inzozi n’irari bya buri wese ku giti cye. Ntabwo kuba uzi uko abandi babigenjeje ufite n’amakuru yose ku buryo biteje imbere bakaba abaherwe bishobora kukwemerera byanze bikunze ko nawe witwara uko bitwaye ngo bikugeze ku ntera bagezeho byanze bikunze, kuko utari bo!
Photo by madison lavern on Unsplash
