
IGICE 2: UBUTUNZI BUSUMBA UBUNDI: KWIMENYA!
IGICE CYA 2
Abandi rero bakemeza ko yari imvugo mu ndamukanyo ariko ibakangurira kudamarara, kurengwa nyine no kugubwa neza mu maraha nâamahoro yâakarande; yabashoraga mu businzi nâubusambanyi rusange.
Noneho rero abigisha indagagaciro no gutekereza kurenga imbibi rusange za bose, izi zikaba imvugo muri iyi ndamukanyo barwanyaga. Ngo ikaba imwe mu mpamvu zishobora kuba zaratumye mu ngoro ya Appollo muri Delphe ukihinjira iyo ndamukanyo nayo ubwayo yarahitaga ihinduka ngo âimenye wowe ubwawe!â muri icyo gihe cyari igitangaza cyâindamukanyo ku muntu wese wamenyereye gusuhuzwa ngo âishime ugubwe neza!â. Kuba yaba akugannye, ukamwakira umubwira uti ibyo byo kudamarara no kugubwa neza ba ubifashije hasi, dutangire ahubwo: ese mbere ya byose uriyizi wowe? Ushaka iki? Urava hehe? Ushaka kugana hehe? Ikigufitiye akamaro ahubwo ni iki? Ikitari ngombwa kuri wowe ni ikihe?
Mu nyandiko Arcibiadesya mbere, Socrates agaruka ku isomo: âimenye wowe ubwaweâ yaranditse ati: âNyakugubwa neza nshuti yanjye Arcibiades, ujye wumva neza inama zanjye, kandi wizere inyandiko yo mu ngoro ya Delphe igira iti âimenye wowe ubwaweâ kandi uce nâakenge, umenye ko abanzi bacu ari abo nyine kandi banakomeye. Kubacika no kubasumba nta kundi kutari ugushyira ibyo twizera mu bikorwa no kugira ubumenyi undi wese atazapfa kwigezaho.
Imenye wowe ubwawe ni igitekerezo cyuje isomo ryo kwisobanukirwa mbere yâibindi byose, ariko ikaba nâimvugo yagiye ihindagurika uko yakomeje guhererekanywa mu myaka ibihumbi hagati yâabatuye isi. Hari abagira bati âConnais-toi, toi mĂȘme et tu connaĂźtras lâunivers et les dieuxâ, âubanze wimenye wowe ubwawe, uzanakurikizaho kumenya isanzure nâimanaâ.
Mu buryo bujyanye nâimyemerere kuba ari interuro yari yanditse ku ngoro ya Delphekenshi byasobanuwe ko ubwo umuntu udafite icyo yiyiziho ubwe nâiyo yagana aha ku ngoro ya Delphe agasenga akomeje, akabasha no guhanurirwa ibye byose ndetse nâibyâibihe, ngo ibyo byose byaba ari ubumenyi butagira icyo bumumarira kuko kuba atiyizi ubwe no kumva cyangwa gusobanukirwa nâImana cyangwa ibyo zivuga ibyo nabyo ngo bitamushobokera.
Kwimenya mbere yâibindi byose bikagirwa umusingi wo gutekereza nyako nâitangiriro ryâubundi bumenyi bwose, yewe no kugira icyo wamenya ku bandi bantu.
Mu 1125 Pierre Labellard yanditse inyandiko yâimyitwarire iboneye ayita âconnais-toi toi-mĂȘme !â, âimenye ubwawe !â Iyi nyandiko ni nayo yaje gushingirwaho mu bijyanye nâamategeko nâubucamanza, haduka ihame ryo kudashaka kureba gusa ngo naka yahamwe nâicyaha kuko yaguwe gitumo agikora byonyine, ahubwo haduka nâiryo hame ryo gushakisha icyitwa âintentionsâ.
Kuba naka âyagambiriyeâ gukora icyaha nâiyo wenda yaba atabigezeho, cyangwa se yanabigezeho. Icyamusunikiye nyine kugikora ndetse nâibindi nkâibyo mu kazi kâiperereza ku byaha.
Noneho tuvuye mu bitekerezo bihambaye byâabahanga mu mitekerereze ba kera, kubwira umuntu ngo imenye wowe ubwawe hari ubwo byafatwa nko kuvuga ubusa.
Uwo ari we wese ati ânimenye se, ndamutse ntiyizi, naba ntiyizi gute? Ndiyizi !â ariko nyine ntabwo ari byo kuri twese, nâubwo bitabuza ko hari abiyizi koko. Ariko uko kwimenya ushobora kumva byoroheje nibwo bumenyi bukomeye, ihame nâihurizo rikomeye uzagira mu buzima bwose.
Michel de Montaigne kimwe nâabandi bagenzi be yagaragaje ko « kwimenya kâumuntu ari ikintu gikomeye kandi kimugora, kuko anahindagurika ku bwe mu mpinduka adasunikirwamo nâabandi ! Ugasanga nkâibyo yakundaga mu myaka yashize uyu munsi nta gaciro na mba bikigira mu maso ye. Ibindi atigeze atekereza ko hari aho azanahurira nabyo, anabisuzugura mu gihe cyashize uyu munsi akaba ari ho ubuzima bwe bwose bushingiye ! Ndetse nâuwamusubiza muri bya bindi yizirikagaho ahubwo mu gihe cyashize nawe akaba yashaka intwaro akarwana no kutabisubiramo ».
Ku bagira ahantu bandika ibitekerezo byabo bya buri munsi, bigusaba gusa gusubira inyuma ugasoma nkâibyo wirirwagamo mu myaka 5 yashize, ugahita usanga bidashoboka ko ari wowe watekerezaga uko ! Ukabona wowe wâicyo gihe nâuwâubu ari nkâabantu 2 batandukanye neza neza, batagira nâaho bahurira. Ni gihamya imwe muri byinshi bigaragaza ko muri rusange kwimenya kâumuntu atari ibintu byamworohera ; kugeza ubwo mu bantu usanga uwahoze ari inshuti ahinduka umwanzi. Uwari umwanzi agahinduka umwambari wâakadasohoka ! Nâizindi ngero nyinshi.
Abantu barahinduka, no kwimenya bikagorana kubi! Ese ubundi ni ibyâagaciro nyabaki kwimenya?
Kwimenya icyo bimaze gikomeye ni :
Ukwisobanukirwa ubwawe, no kumenya neza ko hari ibyo ushoboye nâibyo udashoboye.
Ibyo udashoboye kumenya cyangwa se no kuba wahindura uko bimeze ukamenya uburyo ubibanamo nâintege nke zawe, ni ikintu cyagushoboza kutabaho ufata ibyifuzo byawe, ibyo urarikira ndetse nâinzozi zawe nkâaho ari byo bikwiye kuba ukuri kwâibintu.
Ibyo na byo bigatuma utishuka rimwe ngo wigire nkâaho uri izingiro isi izungurukiraho cyangwa ngo ugire ngo hari icyo isi nâabakuri iruhande byanze bikunze bagutegerejeho, ngo wigire kamara wibwira ko nuba udahari ubwo nabo hari icyo bagomba kuba cyangwa kugabanukaho nkâaho baba ari amagi ucigatiye mu biganza warekura akisekura ku mabuye bikarangirira aho. Ntabwo ari byo.
Kwimenya ubwawe, ukamenya ko hari ingufu zigusumba kure cyane, ko hariho amazi, ubutaka, umuriro nâumuyaga; ibyo byose bihindura ubuzima icyo buri cyo ku bantu nâibindi binyabuzima.
Ibihe nâamateka bikagana rimwe na rimwe aho bishaka bidasobanuye byanze bikunze ko ari wowe ugira icyo ugena muri ibyo byose, kuko bishingiye no ku ngufu nâimigendekere yâibihe wowe nkâumuntu umwe cyangwa se nâiyo ryaba itsinda ubarizwamo mutagira ikintu na kimwe muhinduraho kuko ibyongibyo nawe ubwawe cyangwa itsinda ubarizwamo nkâumuntu uri akadomo gato cyane kâibibigize, bikaba bitanashoboka ko ari wowe ubugira cyangwa ubigenaâ.
Ngo iryo rizaba itangiriro rikomeye ryo kwimenya, ariko kuri buri muntu, mbere yo gusobanukirwa na kamere nâibyifuzo, inzozi nâirari bya buri wese ku giti cye. Ntabwo kuba uzi uko abandi babigenjeje ufite nâamakuru yose ku buryo biteje imbere bakaba abaherwe bishobora kukwemerera byanze bikunze ko nawe witwara uko bitwaye ngo bikugeze ku ntera bagezeho byanze bikunze, kuko utari bo!
Photo by madison lavern on Unsplash